Chevalerie Bourgueil Galichets 2011

Since 1640 this domaine has been in the Caslot family. Their house, office, and recently revamped winery sit upon one of Touraine's largest cellars — a great cavernous affair dug out between the 11th and 13th centuries to provide stone for the local village of Restigné. On my first visit to the domaine over a decade ago, Pierre Caslot, the reigning patriarch, led me to a door that opened to a flight of stairs plummeting into the depths. "Entrez," he said, with a wave: "le Paradis!" It's down there that he would take clients on tours, walking through vast chambers hewed out by hand. Here and there neat rows of bottles lay on the ground and barrels line the walls. It's down there too, in one dark corner or another, that Pierre would conduct tastings that might go back fifteen vintages. In 2014, Pierre left this world, and the Loire lost one of its great bon vivants.

Today Pierre's son Emmanuel and daughter Stéphanie are in charge. These dynamic siblings have been instrumental in upgrading the winery equipment and converting the domaine to organic farming (their vineyards were fully certified in 2009). They work 81.5 acres of vines, of which 59 grow around the house and cellar and constitute the heart of the domaine. The other acreage is on the high end of the terrace, abutting the ridge that marks the northern boundary of the appellation, and wine from that parcel is sold to négociants. They also rent parcels from two acclaimed limestone sites: Grand Mont to the west and Bretêche to the east.

The Loire itself marks the southern boundary of Bourgueil and of the adjacent appellation of St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil. What lies in between the river and ridge is a broad fan of a sloping terrace. This is the appellation ground and it's composed of varying amounts of sand and gravel deposited by the Loire over the eons to mix with clay, anchored by varying degrees of limestone.

Across the Loire are its other two great red appellations. Southeast is Chinon; southwest is Saumur. Chinon tends to be warmer and drier than Bourgueil, particularly in Chinon's eastern zone around Cravant, where growers typically harvest a week and a half earlier. Saumur has similar rainfall to Bourgueil but is also warmer and normally harvests earlier. In very general terms, Chinon makes the softest wine, Bourgueil and St-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil the most structured (there's little discernable difference between these two right bank appellations), and Saumur's wine tends to have a distinctly darker fruit profile.

Chevalerie's home vineyards grow on the upper end of the terrace, far inland from the river. Here the soils are relatively heavy with clay and limestone, without much sand, making for mouth-filling Bourgueils. These vineyards are always harvested below 40 hectoliters per hectare (the legal permitted maximum yield is 55 hl/ha). The wines are made with indigenous yeast and usually bottled without fining or filtration. They are deliciously meaty, dense, and astonishingly age-worthy Loire Cabernet Francs.